Candidiasis

Types of Candidiasis and Symptoms

The symptoms of candidiasis can vary depending on the specific type of infection that a person has. Generally, they may include the following:

Vaginal Candidiasis (Vaginitis)

• Itching and irritation in the vagina
• Redness and swelling of the vulva
• Vaginal pain and soreness
• Vaginal discharge that is usually white, thick, and odorless
• Burning sensation during intercourse or while urinating

Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)

• White patches on the tongue, inner cheeks, roof of the mouth, and sometimes on the throat and tonsils
• Soreness and pain in the mouth, making eating and swallowing difficult
• Loss of taste or an unpleasant taste in the mouth
• Redness and cracking at the corners of the mouth

Cutaneous Candidiasis

• Red, itchy rash on the skin, often worsened by sweating
• Pustules may develop on the rash
• The rash may be more prominent in skin folds, such as under the breasts, in the groin, or under the arms

Invasive Candidiasis

• Symptoms can be wide-ranging as the infection may infect the blood and other parts of the body, potentially causing fever and chills that do not improve with antibiotics
• It can lead to severe complications, including infections in the heart, brain, and other organs

Candida Granuloma

• Chronic lesions on the skin, scalp, mouth, or nails, which may be severe and difficult to treat

Diagnosis and Treatment

While anyone can experience candidiasis, women, individuals with diabetes, infants and those who are immunocompromised are more susceptible to infections. 

Candidiasis is diagnosed through a physical examination, and a series of questions regarding the symptoms experienced. Depending on the severity and location of the infection, a culture test or a blood sample might be necessary for a precise diagnosis. 

Candidiasis treatment generally involves antifungal medications, which can be either topical or oral, with a duration depending on the severity of the infection. Maintaining good hygiene, managing stress, avoiding sugary foods, and discussing potential side effects of medications and health conditions with a healthcare provider can reduce the risk of developing candidiasis.