Other terms
- Myelogram
- Myocardial Infarction
- Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI)
- Myopia
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- National Institute of Health (NIH)
- Neoadjuvant Therapy
- Neoplasm
- Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS)
- Neuroblastoma
- Neurocritical Care
- Neurodegenerative Diseases
Mutation
What is a Mutation? A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of biological genetic material. This alteration manifests due to errors in the structure of an encoded protein during DNA replication in cell division. Mutations can be congenital, or they can be triggered by exposure to mutagens or viral infections.
Mutation Classification
Mutations are classified based on their effects and locations within the genome.
Germline Mutation
A germline mutation is a modification in a gene that happens within a parent’s reproductive cells (egg or sperm), impacting the genetic composition of their offspring (heritable).
Somatic Mutation
Somatic mutations are gene alterations that arise after conception within the evolving embryo. These changes transpire in all cells of the developing body, excluding the sperm and egg. Somatic mutations can’t be inherited from parents to children.
Mutation Diversity
Genetic mutations occur regularly within the human genome, fostering genetic diversity and driving long-term evolutionary changes. Often, these mutations are benign, such as the mutation responsible for blue eyes. In some cases, genetic mutations prove beneficial to one’s adaptability and resistance to disease. However, genetic mutations can lead to physical deformities, impaired biological functions, or increased susceptibility to various illnesses.
Source: https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Mutationhttps://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/23095-genetic-mutations-in-humans
